What is SQL Server?
Initially launched with Microsoft SQL Server 2005 the SQL Server Management Studio is a software used for managing all components from the Microsoft SQL Server. Besides graphical tools it also includes script editors that work with objects and features of the server.
Object Explorer is SQL Server Management Studio's main feature, which enables the user to manage the objects within the server. The express version is a freeware, for anybody to try it. The application has been rewritten in Windows Presentation Foundation starting from version 11 and it is similar to Visual Studio 2010.
Use SQL Server Management Studio to create a new database after any existing database schema by adding or modifying tables and indexes. For writing and executing queries it includes the query windows which is capable to provide a GUI based interface.
Business Intelligence Development Studio (BIDS)
This is the former IDE (integrated development environment) from Microsoft, used to develop data analysis and Business Intelligence solutions based on the Microsoft SQL Server Analysis Services, Reporting Services and Integration Services. Based on the MVS development environment and being customized with the SQL Server services-specific extensions and project types, including tools, controls, projects for reports, Extract Transform Load dataflows, OLAP cubes and data mining structure.
It is known that BIDS functionality can be enhanced with BIDS Helper, a Visual Studio add-in containing features that expand and improve business intelligence development functionality in SQL Server 2005, 2008 and 2008 R2 BI Development Studio and SQL server 2012 SQL Server Data Tools
In BIDS you can use Business Intelligence Markup Language for creating end-to-end BI solutions by translating Biml metadata to SQL Server Integration Services and SSAS assets for the Microsoft SQL Server platform. While it has been replaced by SQL Server Data Tools – Business Intelligence, BIDS is not supported with 2010 Visual Studio version or later.
Services
SQL Server contains a pack load of add-on services. They provide value added services on top of the core database management system while these are not essential for the operation of the database system.
Service Broker
Service Broker communicates over TCP/IP enabling different components to be synchronized together over message exchange, this is for cross instance apps. The Service Broker that runs as a part of the database engine, offering a dependable messaging and message queuing for SQL Server apps.